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Points PRO : 20, Réponses aux questions : 11, Questions posées : 1
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arabe vers anglais: Extract from newspaper editorial on Arab reform (Al-Ghad) General field: Autre Detailed field: Journalisme
Texte source - arabe هذا سرد أول لمجمل مبادرات الاصلاح في العالم العربي سواء التي عقدت في البلاد العربية ام في الخارج, وسواء صدرت هذه المبادرات من داخل الدول العربية ام من الخارج, لقد كان هناك هاجس كبير بين من تحدثوا في افتتاحيات هذه المبادرات كما جاء في مبادرة صنعاء (ان لم نحلق رؤوسنا سيحلق لنا الاخرون) وهو ما نعبر عنه في قضية الزباء والاسد (بيدي لا بيد عمرو).
أي إن لم يكن الاصلاح من الداخل فسيكون قطعا من الخارج لقد كانت هناك تصريحات مختلفة من القيادات العربية حول مبادرات الاصلاح, أغلبها كان يميل الى التأجيل بحجة القضية الفلسطينية والعراقية ولكن الضغوط الخارجة تزايدت واكدت على الديمقراطية وحقوق الانسان والدساتير وتقيد السلطة والانتخاب المباشر- ولعل الاشكالية الكبرى هي في تقييد السلطة بالقانون والانتخاب المباشر بدلا من الاستفتاء للحكام, وتحرير دساتير للدول التي ليس فيها دستور وليس فقط تحرير الدستور وانما التقيد به.
Traduction - anglais This is just an initial overview of the reform initiatives underway in the Arab world, drafted in the Arab countries and overseas, and issued both within the Arab world and outside it. Commentators have demonstrated one great obsession with regard to these initiatives in their editorials, as seen with the description of the Sana'a initiative ("if we do not shave our own heads, others will do it for us"), and comparisons between the Queen of Palmyra (who declared she was willing to die at her own hand but not that of an outsider) and Assad.
That is to say, if reform does not come from within, it will certainly come from without. Statements by the Arab leadership on the reform initiatives have varied, with the majority tending towards postponement on the pretext of the Palestinian and Iraqi issues. However, outside pressures have been increasing, with their insistence on democracy, human rights, constitutions, the restriction of power and direct elections. Perhaps the greatest difficulty is how powers are to be restricted by the use of law and direct elections rather than a referendum on the ruler, and in the case of countries that do not have a constitution, not only how to draft such a document, but how to then abide by it.
persan (farsi) vers anglais: Abstract from Iranian education journal General field: Autre Detailed field: Enseignement / pédagogie
Texte source - persan (farsi) چکیده
هدف این پژوهش مطالعهی تطبیقی فعالیتهای فوقبرنامه در مقطع ابتدایی ایران با
کشورهای آمریکا، انگلستان و مالزی، جهت ارائهی پیشنهادهایی در حووه فعالیتهای
فوقبرنامه است. این پژوهش از نوع مطالعات تطبیقی میباشد و با استفاده از روش جورج
بردی انجام شده است. کشورهای آمریکا و انگلستان به این دلیل که هر یک به نوعی مهد
فعالیتهای فوقبرنامه در جهان بودهاند و مالزی نیز به عنوان کشوری مسلمان که دارای
فعالیتهای فوقبرنامهی ساختارمند است؛ انتخاب شدهاند. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد
کشورهای مورد مطالعه در فعالیتهای فوقبرنامه اهداف مشترک و متنووعی را دنبال
میکنند، در ایران بر اهداف کلی و حیطه های نگرشی تأکید شده است. کشورهای منتخب
بر آشنایی با مذاهب و فرهنگ های گوناگون محلی، منطقه ای و جهانی، درک ارز شهای
سنت های خود و دیگران و افزایش تحمل و سعه صدر در مقابل فرهنگهای دیگر و...
تأکید دارند، این اهداف در ایران کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. محتوای برنامه ها در
ایران از تنوع کمتری برخوردار است و بیشتر به فعالیت های مذهبی اهمیت داده شوده
است. تفاوت عمده ایران با سایر کشورها در اجرای برنامه ها، این است که زمان و ساعتی
مشخص برای اینگونه فعالیتها در مدارس پیشبینی نشده است، میزان مشارکت معلمان درکشورهای مورد مطالعه بیشتر از ایران است. ارزشیابی برنامه ها در کشورهای منتخب
به صورت عمل کرد دانشآموزان و گزارش کار مو یباشد. در پایان این پژوهش،
پیشنهادهایی برای بهبود نظام آموهشی ایران در حوزه ی فعالیت فوقبرنامه ارائه گردیده
است.
Traduction - anglais Abstract
This study, which compares extra-curricular activities in the primary sector in Iran with those in the USA, the UK and Malaysia, seeks to present recommendations in the field of extra-curricular activity. The research takes the form of a comparative study using the George Brady method. The UK and USA were selected for study on the basis of the status of each as examples of “cradles” of extra-curricular activity worldwide, and Malaysia was included to represent a Muslim country in the process of structuring its extra-curricular activities. The results of the research indicate that in the countries which were the focus of the comparison, extra-curricular activities are geared to the pursuit of goals that are both held in common and diverse, whereas in Iran, the emphasis is upon overall objectives and theory. The countries of study favour the acquisition of knowledge of various belief systems and cultures - local, regional and global - as well as their own traditional values and those of others, alongside increasing tolerance with regards to other cultures, and so forth. These objectives receive less attention in Iran. The content of the programmes in Iran involves less variation, and emphasises religious activities. The major difference between Iran and the other countries included in this research is that in Iran, hours are not allocated in the timetable for extra-curricular activity; there is also a higher rate of participation by teaching staff in the countries selected for comparison. The programmes in these countries are evaluated according to student performance and reports. At the conclusion of this research, recommendations are set forth for the improvement of extra-curricular activities within the context of the Iranian teaching system.
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Bachelor's degree - Cambridge University
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Années d'expérience en traduction : 20. Inscrit à ProZ.com : Jun 2004. Devenu membre en : Sep 2015.
persan (farsi) (Cambridge University (Lang. Degrees), verified) arabe vers anglais (Cambridge University (Lang. Degrees)) persan (farsi) vers anglais (Cambridge University (Lang. Degrees))
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I specialise in providing a rapid turnaround translation service of the highest quality, working in a number of fields in which I have obtained in-depth practical experience: most particularly international affairs, journalism and NGOs.
I am a British English native speaker, and qualified with a first class degree (with distinction) in Arabic/Farsi from the University of Cambridge. I also have an MA in international affairs, with specialism in conflict and security, from Sciences Po (Paris, studied in French).
Working in NGOs, journalism, and diplomacy in the Middle East, Iran and Afghanistan has enabled me to enhance my language skills, and to offer translations which are culturally sensitive and can be relied upon in demanding circumstances.
I also enjoy literary translation, and completed a course in Cairo with the British Council in this field.
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Mots clés : journalism, media, news, conflict, international relations, government, security, politics, sociology, education. See more.journalism, media, news, conflict, international relations, government, security, politics, sociology, education, academia, academic, fiction, short stories, culture, sport, religion, Islam, research, NGOs. See less.
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