https://www.proz.com/personal-glossaries/23297-an-agricultural-and-environmental-biotechnology-annotated-dictionary?page=5&set_site_lang=fra
This site uses cookies. Some of these cookies are essential to the operation of the site, while others help to improve your experience by providing insights into how the site is being used. For more information, please see the ProZ.com privacy policy.
Cookie settings

Translation glossary: AN AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY ANNOTATED DICTIONARY

Creator:
LingoConsult
LingoConsult
Filter
Reset
Showing entries 201-250 of 473
« Prev Next »
 
Incomplete dominanceA condition where a heterozygous off- spring has a phenotype that is distinctly different from, and intermediate to, the parental phenotypes 
anglais
Initiation codonThe mRNA sequence AUG, coding for methionine, which initiates translation of mRNA. 
anglais
Inositol lipidA membrane-anchored phospholipid that transduces hormonal signals by stimulating the release of any of several chemical messengers 
anglais
Insertion mutationsChanges in the base sequence of a DNA molecule resulting from the random integration of DNA from another source 
anglais
InsulinA peptide hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas that regulates the level of sugar in the blood. 
anglais
InterferonA family of small proteins that stimulate viral resistance in cells. 
anglais
Intergenic regionsDNA sequences located between genes that comprise a large percentage of the human genome with no known function. 
anglais
IntrogressionBackcrossing of hybrids of two plant populations to introduce new genes into a wild population. 
anglais
IntronA noncoding DNA sequence within a gene that is initially transcribed into messenger RNA but is later snipped out 
anglais
InvasivenessAbility of a plant to spread beyond its introduction site and become established in new locations where it may provide a deliterious effect on organis 
anglais
IonA charged particle. 
anglais
IsotopeOne of two or more forms of an element that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but differing numbers of neutrons (mass numbers) 
anglais
Joining (J) segmentA small DNA segment that links genes to yield a functional gene encoding an immunogobulin. 
anglais
KanamycinAn antibiotic of the aminoglycoside family that poisons translation by binding to the ribosomes. 
anglais
kanrKanamycin resistance gene 
anglais
KaryotypeAll of the chromosomes in a cell or an individual organism, visible through a microsope during cell division. 
anglais
Lag phaseThe initial growth phase, during which cell number remains relatively constant prior to rapid growth 
anglais
LawnA uniform and uninterrupted laver of bacterial growth, in which individual colonies cannot be observed. 
anglais
LegumeA member of the pea family that possesses root nodules containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
anglais
LibraryA collection of cells, usually bacteria or yeast, that have been transformed with recombinant vectors carrying DNA inserts from a single species 
anglais
Ligase (DNA ligase)An enzyme that catalyzes a condensation reaction that links two DNA molecules via the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3\' hydroxyl and 
anglais
LigateThe process of joining two or more DNA fragments. 
anglais
LineageA chart that traces the flow of genetic information from generation to generation. 
anglais
LinkageThe frequency of coinheritance of a pair of genes and/or genetic markers, which provides a measure of their physical proximity to one another on a chr 
anglais
Linkage mapSee Genetic linkage map. 
anglais
Linked genes/markersGenes and/or markers that are so closely associated on the chromosome that they are coinherited in 80% or more of cases. 
anglais
LinkerA short, double-stranded oligonucleotide containing a restriction endonuclease recognition site, which is ligated to the ends of a DNA fragment. 
anglais
LiposomesMembrane-bound vesicles constructed in the laboratory to transport biological molecules. 
anglais
Locus (plural = loci)A specific location or site on a chromosome. 
anglais
Log phaseSee Logarithmic phase. 
anglais
Logarithmic phase (log or exponential growth phase)The steepest slope of the growth curve--the phase of vigorous growth during which cell number doubles every 20-30 minutes 
anglais
LysisThe destruction of the cell membrane. 
anglais
LysogenA bacterial cell whose chromosome contains in- tegrated viral DNA 
anglais
LysogenicA type or phase of the virus life cycle during which the virus integrates into the host chromosome of the infected cell, often remaining essentially d 
anglais
LyticA phase of the virus life cycle during which the vi- rus replicates within the host cell, releasing a new generation of viruses when the infected cell 
anglais
MalignantHaving the properties of cancerous growth. 
anglais
MappingDetermining the physical location of a gene or genetic marker on a chromosome 
anglais
Megabase cloningThe cloning of very large DNA fragments 
anglais
MeiosisThe reduction division process by which haploid gametes and spores are formed, consisting of a single duplication of the genetic material followed by 
anglais
Messenger RNA (mRNA)The class of RNA molecules that copies the genetic information from DNA, in the nucleus, and carries it to ribosomes, in the cytoplasm, where it is tr 
anglais
MetabolismThe biochemical processes that sustain a living cell or organism. 
anglais
MetallothioneinA protective protein that binds heavy metals, such as cadmium and lead. 
anglais
MicrobeA microorganism. 
anglais
Microbial mats (biofilms)Layered groups or communities of microbial populations. 
anglais
MicroinjectionA means to introduce a solution of DNA, protein, or other soluble material into a cell using a fine microcapillary pipet. 
anglais
MitosisThe replication of a cell to form two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes. 
anglais
Molecular biologyThe study of the biochemical and mo- lecular interactions within living cells. 
anglais
Molecular cloningThe biological amplification of a specific DNA sequence through mitotic division of a host cell into which it has been transformed or transfected 
anglais
Molecular geneticsThe study of the flow and regulation of genetic information between DNA, RNA, and protein molecules. 
anglais
Monoclonal antibodiesImmunoglobulin molecules of single- epitope specificity that are secreted by a clone of B cells. 
anglais
« Prev Next »

Public glossaries

My glossaries

Close search
All of ProZ.com
  • All of ProZ.com
  • Recherche par terme
  • Travaux
  • Forums
  • Multiple search