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Specializes in:
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Medical: Cardiology
Medical (general)
Medical: Health Care
Medical: Instruments
Medical: Pharmaceuticals
Medical: Dentistry
Genetics
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Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
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English to Estonian - Rates: 0.07 - 0.12 EUR per word / 30 - 58 EUR per hour Russian to Estonian - Rates: 0.07 - 0.12 EUR per word / 30 - 58 EUR per hour
English to Estonian: Cost analysis General field: Medical Detailed field: Medical: Health Care
Source text - English The cost of providing nurse telephone consultation was £81 237 per annum. This, however, determined a £94 422 reduction of other costs for the NHS arising from reduced emergency admissions to hospital. Using point estimates for savings, the cost analysis, combined with the analysis of outcomes, showed a dominance situation for the intervention over general practice cooperative care alone. If a larger improvement in outcomes is assumed (upper 95% confidence limit) NHS savings increase to £123 824 per annum. Savings of only £3728 would, however, arise in a scenario where lower 95% confidence limits for outcome differences were observed. To break even, the intervention would have needed to save 138 emergency hospital admissions per year, around 90% of the effect achieved in the trial. Additional savings of £16 928 for general practice arose from reduced travel to visit patients at home and fewer surgery appointments within three days of a call.
Translation - Estonian Õe telefonikonsultatsioonide maksumus oli 81 237 Inglise naela aastas. Kokkuvõttes vähenesid NHS kulu haiglavastuvõttudele 94 422 Inglise naela võrra. Kasutades kokkuhoiu hindamiseks ühikukulusid, näitas kuluanalüüs koos tulemuste hindamisega telefonikonsultatsioonide silmnähtavat eelist tavapärase perearstipraksise tööga. Kui eeldada suuremat tulemuste paranemist (üle 95% usalduspiiri), siis NHS kulude kokkuhoid suureneb 123 824 Inglise naelani aastas. Tulemuste erinemisel allpool 95% usalduspiiri ilmnes siiski kokkuhoid ainult 3278 Inglise naela ulatuses. Tasakaalupunkt kulude ja tulude arvestuses ilmnes, kui 90% tulemuslikkusega telefonikonsultatsioonidega suudeti vältida 138 erakorralist haiglavastuvõttu. Täiendav kokkuhoid 16 928 Inglise naela ulatuses tekkis perearstipraksises seoses koduvisiitide ja praksises vastuvõttude vähenemisega kolme päeva jooksul pärast telefonikonsultatsioone.
English to Estonian: hepatoblasts General field: Medical Detailed field: Genetics
Source text - English As cell sorting using antibodies is a powerful means to isolate and characterize a specific cell type, efforts have been made to search for specific cell surface antigens on hepatoblasts (Fig. 2). Kubota and Reid (9) showed that the RT1A1− OX18low ICAM-1 fraction of E13 rat foetal liver contained hepatoblasts. Suzuki et al. (10) developed a single cell-based assay designated the hepatic colony-forming unit in culture (H-CFU-C) and showed that the CD45− TER119− c-Kit− CD29 CD49f and CD45− TER119− c-Kit− c-Met CD49f /low fraction of E13.5 mouse liver contained hepatic progenitor/stem cells. They also showed that CD45− TER119− c-Kit− c-Met CD49f /low cells of E11.5 mouse liver had high H-CFU-C potential and that clonally expanding cells reconstituted the liver, pancreas and intestine in vivo. On the other hand, Minguet et al. (11) reported that CD45− TER119− c-Kitlow cells in E11 mouse liver contained the earliest hepatic progenitors, also displaying features of liver-repopulating stem cells. Delta-like protein 1 (Dlk1), also known as Pref-1, was strongly expressed in liver buds as early as E10.5 in mice. Dlk1 cells isolated from E14.5 livers expressed albumin (ALB) and formed colonies composed of the hepatocyte and cholangiocyte lineages in the presence of hepatocyte growth factor and epidermal growth factor, indicating that liver stem cell activity is present in this population (12). As in mouse foetal liver, Dlk1 is also expressed strongly in human foetal liver (13, 14). Nierhoff et al. showed that murine foetal liver alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) /ALB cells were positive for Dlk1 and E-cadherin and that purified E-cadherin epithelial cells formed clusters in cell culture and differentiated along the hepatocytic lineage. Interestingly, AFP /E-cadherin epithelial cells were Sca-1 , but showed no expression of c-Kit. In order to examine their in vivo capacity, wild-type E12.5 mouse liver epithelial cells were transplanted into adult dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) knockout mice, and DPPIV expression was used as a marker to discriminate the donor from recipient cells. This resulted in incorporation of the DPPIV donor-derived cells into the hepatic parenchymal cords of the recipient liver, showing a repopulation and differentiation capacity of the E12.5 E-cadherin cells (15).
Translation - Estonian Antikehade abil rakkude sorteerimine on paljulubav meetod eri tüüpi rakkude isoleerimiseks ja kirjeldamiseks ning seda on katsetatud ka hepatoblastide spetsiifiliste rakupinna antigeenide määramiseks. Kubota ja Reid (9) näitasid, et E13 roti loote maksa RT1A1− OX18low ICAM-1 fraktsioon sisaldas hepatoblaste. Suzuki jt. (10) arendasid üksiku rakupõhise uuringuga määratud maksa kolooniat moodustava üksuse kultuuris (H-CFU-C) ning näitasid, et E13,5 hiire maksa CD45− TER119− c-Kit− CD29 CD49f ja CD45− TER119− c-Kit− c-Met CD49f /low fraktsioonid sisaldasid maksa eellas/tüvirakke. Nad näitasid samuti, et E11,5 hiire maksa CD45− TER119− c-Kit− c-Met CD49f /low rakud omasid kõrget H-CFU-C potentsiaali ning klonaalselt vohavad rakud taastasid maksa-, pankrease- ja soolekude. Teisest küljest avaldasid Minguet jt., et E11 hiire maksa CD45− TER119− c-Kit low rakud sisaldasid varaseid maksa eellasrakke, mis omasid maksa taastavate tüvirakkude tunnusjooni. Delta-sarnane proteiin 1 (Dlk1), tuntud ka Pref-1 nimetusega, oli rohkelt esindatud E10,5 hiire maksaalgetes. E14,5 maksadest isoleeritud Dlk1 rakud tootsid albumiini (ALB) ning moodustasid hepatotsütaarse ja epidermaalse kasvufaktori toimel hepato- ja kolangiotsüütide kolooniaid, mis viitab maksa tüvirakkude olemasolule selles populatsioonis. Sarnaselt hiire loote maksale leidub Dlk1 rohkelt ka inimloote maksas. Nierhoff jt. näitasid, et hiire loote maksa alfa-fetoproteiin (AFP) /ALB -rakud olid positiivsed Dlk1-le ja E-kadheriinile ning puhastatud E-kadheriin sisaldavad epiteelirakud moodustasid rakukultuuris klastreid ja diferentseerusid hepatotsütaarseteks rakkudeks. Hämmastaval kombel olid AFP /E-kadheriin epiteelrakud Sca-1 , kuid ei näidanud c-Kit ekspressiooni. Hiire maksa E12,5 loomulike epiteelrakkude in vivo võimaluste uurimiseks siirdati need dipeptidüül-peptidaas IV (DPPIV) väljalülitusega täiskasvanud hiire kehasse ning doonorrakkude eristamiseks retsipiendi rakkudest kasutati markerina DPPIV ekspressiooni. Tulemuseks oli, et DPPIV doonorrakud ühinesid retsipient-maksa parenhümaalsete maksaväätidega ning näitasid E12,5 E-kadheriin rakkude võimet paljuneda ja diferentseeruda (15).
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Years of experience: 31. Registered at ProZ.com: Nov 2011.
Across, Fluency, Idiom, memoQ, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Office Pro, Microsoft Word, Google Translation Kit, Wordfast Anywhere, Powerpoint, SDLX, Trados Studio, Wordfast
I am Medical Doctor, with broad experience in health systems. Since 2011 I have gained excellent experience in translating of medical texts, incl pharma, technology, science etc. I can use different CAT tools and adopt to Clients needs regarding the tools, time and other project settings.
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